色・発色
transition metal
Japanese: 遷移金属
Iron, copper, manganese, etc. These are color-forming agents whose ion valence changes depending on the atmosphere and temperature, causing the color to shift.
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Transition metals are metallic elements that possess d electrons, such as iron, copper, manganese, cobalt, chromium, and nickel. They dissolve as ions in glass and absorb visible light through electronic transitions in their d orbitals, thereby producing color.
When the valence of ions changes due to atmospheric conditions or temperature, the absorption spectrum shifts, causing the color to change. It is a key component in glass coloring agents.
This entry is written in Japanese by Rei Chikaoka and translated for readers outside Japan. If something reads oddly, the original is the source of truth.